The rise in anti-Semitic incidents across Europe has taken on a new dimension due to recent migration from predominantly Muslim countries. In public debate and in the media, the role of imams and practicing Muslims has repeatedly come into focus. This book examines the theological and historical foundations of Jewish-Muslim relations and sheds light on attitudes toward Judaism, Jews, and the State of Israel that are shaped by Islamist ideology. Using Austria as a case study, it presents qualitative interviews with 33 imams and 64 mosque-goers, whose statements are analyzed according to the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance’s (IHRA) working definition of antisemitism.